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1277 Results
Background The impact of perinatal HIV exposure on children’s immune response to the hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine over time has yet to be fully understood. We determined the HBV prevalence in mother-child pairs and HBV vaccine response in children HIV-exposed uninfected (cHEU) and those unexposed uninfected (cHUU) over time in Botswana. Methods Mother-child specimens…
Background SARS-CoV-2 infections in children are generally mild or asymptomatic. A significant concern is the post-infectious immune response, particularly multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). This is a severe complication usually developing 4-6 weeks after infection, likely triggered by a hyperinflammatory response to SARS-CoV-2. This study analyzed the inflammatory profile in children with acute MIS-C,…
Background More data are needed to understand the rates and associated risk factors of mortality, serious clinical events, elevated viral load, and immunosuppression in the aging population of young adults with perinatally acquired HIV (YAPHIV) in the US. Methods Among YAPHIV ≥18 years in the Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort Study AMP and AMP Up protocols, we…
Background Women with HIV (WWH) who engage in substance use (SU) have poor HIV-related outcomes. Additionally, mortality associated with overdose has recently increased among pregnant and postpartum persons. We characterized SU and treatment among cisgender, reproductive age WWH and women without HIV (WWoH) enrolled in the Study of Treatment And Reproductive Outcomes (STAR). Methods Baseline…
Background Early antiretroviral therapy (ART) and continuous suppression drastically limit the size of the HIV reservoir in adults; however, long-term follow up data on the size and composition of the reservoir in children who initiated ART during the first weeks of life remain limited. We studied the effect of early ART on the long-term dynamics…
Background HIV incidence remains a significant concern among pregnant and postpartum women. Offering multiple HIV PrEP options can increase coverage and use, yet the impact of HIV infections averted with implementation of various HIV PrEP options for pregnant/postpartum women is unknown. Methods We developed an equation to project HIV incidence through pregnancy and postpartum between…
Background Dolutegravir (DTG) and Efavirenz (EFV) have been associated with neuropsychiatric symptoms, which may impact adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in pregnant and postpartum people living with HIV. However, their impact on postpartum mental health remains insufficiently understood. We compared depression, sleep disturbances and anxiety between DTG and EFV treatment in pregnant and postpartum people…
Background Children uninfected but exposed to HIV intra-utero (CHEU) are at higher risk of prematurity and low birth weight (LBW), factors associated with long-term growth impairment. Data is scarce regarding the effects of integrase inhibitor regimens during pregnancy in non-limited resource settings. Methods Descriptive retrospective study of mother-child pairs from 62 Spanish hospitals in the…
Background Early ART initiation, low immune activation, and effective anti-HIV NK cell responses have been linked with HIV remission in adults. It has been proposed that these features in combination with early life immunity may favour remission in children living with HIV (LWH). In a cohort of very early ART-treated children in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa,…
Background Single cohort UK data suggests an increased lifetime prevalence of psychosis in young people living with perinatally acquired HIV (YPaHIV) compared to age matched peers in the general population (0.5-1.0%), echoed by US data. This is thought to be due to lifelong exposure to a neurotropic virus, neuroinflammation during brain development, and greater experience…