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1277 Results
Background Data are limited on the incidence of cancers and associated risk factors among women with HIV and were hence investigated in two large international HIV cohort collaborations – D:A:D and RESPOND, between 2006 and 2022. Methods We included all women (sex assigned at birth) ≥18 years and investigated the incidence and risk factors of…
Background Inaccessibility and inaccuracies limit histopathologic diagnosis of Kaposi sarcoma (KS) in Africa. We hypothesized that quantification of KSHV DNA from suspicious skin lesions could distinguish KS from non-KS lesions, thus eventually enabling creation of a diagnostic test that would limit need for histopathologic interpretation. In our earlier training population, quantification of lesional KSHV DNA…
Background Cancer burden among people with HIV (PWH) has shifted from cancers associated with immunodeficiency to cancers common in the general population. Trends in common cancer diagnoses by sex have not been adequately characterized following the introduction of Treat-All policies and modern ART regimens. We examined incidence trends by sex for common cancers in a…
Background The disease burden associated with Hepatitis B (HBV) necessitates accurate diagnosis and it is important for effective disease management and prevention. The standard approach to HBV diagnosis is hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) screening. However, the rising detection of HBV DNA in HBsAg negative specimens indicates a challenge. The underdiagnosis of HBV due to…
Background Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), commonly known as hemophagocytic syndrome, is a rare and serious disease triggered by a myriad of stimuli. HLH is characterized by an uncontrolled cytokine production and persistent lymphocyte and macrophage activation which results in hemophagocytosis. Since people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) have an increased risk of coinfections, HLH has…
Background HCV elimination targets for 2030 require that 90% of people with HCV (PWHCV) are diagnosed, and 80% of those diagnosed are treated, alongside measures to reduce primary infection and reinfection in groups like people who inject drugs (PWID) who bear a disproportionate burden. We characterize changes in HCV burden, awareness of HCV status, treatment…
Background Functional hepatitis B virus (HBV) cure is defined by clearance of HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) from blood and occurs more often in people with HIV and HBV (PWHHB) taking tenofovir-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) than people with HBV mono-infection on tenofovir. This suggests that HBsAg “clearance” is not binary but occurs across a continuum of immunological…
Background Given the increased prevalence of steatotic liver disease (SLD) in people with HIV, understanding its natural course and progression to liver fibrosis is crucial for guiding clinical management. Methods We assessed SLD and liver fibrosis in RESPOND participants from January 2012 to December 2022 using serological scores validated for people with HIV, excluding those with…
Background HBV reactivation in people living with HIV and evidence of past HBV infection is an important consideration when evaluating the risk/benefit of discontinuing HBV-active ART in favor of other treatment regimens. We aimed to summarize available evidence on reactivation risk after switching to HBV-inactive regimens, and to identify predictors that may guide clinical practice.…
Background Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection increases the risk of severe liver diseases such as cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, non-liver complications, and mortality. HIV co-infection contributes to the acceleration of liver disease progression, leading to greater mortality risk compared to HBV mono-infection. We evaluated the crude all-cause mortality rates among people with chronic HBV on…