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1277 Results
Background Nucleic acid testing (NAT) is a highly sensitive detection method routinely used to screen donated blood for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) in high-income countries. Despite this technology being available for decades, few low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) have implemented NAT. We…
Background To inform pediatric HIV persistence inclusive of scenarios where antiretroviral therapy (ART) usage may not be completely suppressive, we sought to elucidate reservoir dynamics with and without occasional HIV RNA viremia. Methods In Kenyan children living with HIV who initiated ART between 1-12 months of age (median 3 months), we measured HIV RNA and HIV DNA…
Background Cost and implementation complexity of using HIV-1 Asanté rapid recency assays (ARRA) in routine HIV Testing Services (HTS) are previously cited concerns in scaling and sustaining HIV-1 recent infection surveillance (HRIS) in settings where workload of health care workers (HCW) remains high. We measured the additional time spent on facility-based and laboratory-based HRIS by…
Background Young people living with HIV (YPLHIV) are at increased risk of developing kidney abnormalities due to antiretroviral therapy (ART), particularly tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF). Dolutegravir (DTG) is associated with increased creatinine levels. We explored the association of dolutegravir ART regimens with kidney abnormalities among YPLHIV in Kampala, Uganda. Methods We performed a cross-sectional study…
Background Kenya has one of the largest HIV epidemics globally, with women constituting 62% of the 1.4 million people (15+ years) living with HIV. In 2023, Kenya has achieved 97% in 1st 95 recording 17 681 new HIV infections. Identifying the last 3% of individuals is becoming increasingly difficult. There’s a need to adopt targeted testing approaches hence…
Background A longstanding puzzle in efforts to control the spread of HIV, is why HIV treatment-as-prevention efforts in sub-Saharan Africa showed modest reductions in the occurrence of new infections despite achieving substantial gains in viral suppression. Methods Using data from a community-randomized trial of HIV prevention in sub-Saharan Africa we offer for the first time an…
Background PURPOSE 1 demonstrated 100% efficacy of twice-yearly injectable lenacapavir (LEN) for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in cisgender adolescent girls and young women. We conducted a nested qualitative sub-study exploring acceptability, preferences, and experiences with LEN and daily oral emtricitabine plus tenofovir alafenamide (F/TAF) or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (F/TDF) for PrEP during the randomized blinded…
Background Due to a decline in Mpox cases after 2022 there is limited data on the effect of MVA BN vaccine (modified vaccinia Ankara vaccine, Bavarian Nordic) on Mpox disease severity, especially among people with HIV (PWH). During recent weeks the city of Hamburg (Germany) has faced a second wave of Mpox. Methods All cases…
Background Despite significant progress in HIV treatment, maintaining patient engagement in care remains a critical challenge. While UNAIDS aims to achieve the “95-95-95” targets by 2030, many people living with HIV (PLHIV), particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, tend to discontinue care within two years. Current one-size-fits-all interventions often lack efficient targeting, and resources could be better…
Background Adapting PrEP service delivery to a multi-method market requires real world data on uptake and use patterns. We evaluated method uptake and associated factors, switching and continuation among women offered oral PrEP, the dapivirine ring (PrEP ring), or injectable cabotegravir (CAB PrEP) in the CATALYST study. Methods The CATALYST implementation study offered women a…