Abstracts from 2014 through the most recent CROI can be viewed in this searchable database once they have been presented at the conference. Abstract Contents: The searchable database includes abstract text as submitted by the authors prior to CROI. Study data might be updated during the presentation at CROI. Please refer to the electronic poster or webcast for updates. Searching the Abstract Database: Enter the criteria below and click the “Search” button. After the search has been entered, the results will appear below the search form.

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Search Results

1277 Results

474 – Optimized ACE2-Fc With Picomolar Pan-Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Variants, Including JN.1 and KP.2

Background Many neutralizing monoclonal antibodies capable of providing sterilizing immunity against SARS-CoV-2 have been developed and temporarily approved for emergency clinical use as prophylactics. However, the rapid evolution of SARS-CoV-2 progressively renders these treatments obsolete. Several groups have been exploring the use of ACE2-based Fc fusion proteins to obtain a pan-variant neutralizing molecule. In this…

383 – The Systemic Inflammatory Profile Differs According to the Mechanism of HIV Control

Background Elite controllers (EC) are an exceptional group of people living with HIV (PLWH) able to control HIV replication without antiretroviral therapy and have been proposed as a model of functional HIV cure. However, significant evidence suggests that despite viral control, EC subjects may have altered levels of activation and systemic inflammation. We have characterized…

472 – Diminished Immune Imprinting at the Upper Respiratory Tract Following SARS-CoV-2 Breakthrough Infection

Background Immune imprinting, also known as original antigenic sin, refers to the effects prior exposures have on subsequent immunity against antigenically related viruses. The immune imprinting of humoral immunity at anatomic sites of the respiratory tract following SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection is not well understood.  Methods Ninety-six adult donors with COVID-19 vaccination and breakthrough infection (BTI)…

371 – Sex Differences in Cytokine Responses and Genetic Regulation Thereof in People Living With HIV

Background Females living with HIV have improved viral control but increased immune activation compared to males. Some of these differences appear before puberty, suggesting a role of genetics, but this remains poorly understood. In this study, we assessed the effect of biological sex on circulating cytokine levels and cytokine production upon PBMC stimulation, and the…

430 – Therapeutic HIV Vaccine ± TLR4 Adjuvant Impact on Monocyte Subsets in Early-Treated Youths With HIV

Background Monocytes (MO) play a crucial role in restricting HIV replication and spread. After HIV acquisition, MO show increased activation and differentiation, altering subset distribution despite ART. MO enhance vaccine induced immune responses and contribute to trained immunity, boosting protection. We here investigated changes in MO phenotype in a therapeutic vaccine study. Methods HVRRICANE is the 1st…

499 – Genetic Regulation of Immune Responses to CMV in Spontaneous HIV Controllers

Background HIV controllers (HICs) spontaneously control an HIV infection and are important to understand HIV immunopathogenesis. We previously showed that HIV-control associated genetic variants in the MHC locus downregulate IL-1β and TNF-α responses to CMV pp65 in PBMCs in people living with HIV (PLHIV) (CROI 2024, abstract 319). Here, we investigated how cytokine responses are organized…

400 – Duration of Viremia Modulates Antigen Sensitivity of HIV-Specific T-Cell Receptors

Background Virus-specific CD8+ T cells are important for controlling chronic viral infections such as HIV. However, it remains unclear how the cumulative duration of antigen exposure following acute infection before complete viral suppression via ART impacts the quality of the memory T cell repertoire. In this study, we investigated this relationship to better understand how…

393 – IL-15, Type I Interferon, Fatty and Amino Acid Pathways Link to SIV Reservoir and Rebound in Infants

Background Inflammation persists under antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV infection. Soluble mediators of inflammation play major roles in immune function, reservoir persistence and rebound post-analytical treatment interruption (ATI). Interactions between cytokines/chemokines and/or metabolites with reservoir size and viral rebound dynamics are not fully known. We evaluated associations between host and microbial-derived metabolites or cytokines/chemokines and reservoir size…

367 – Activated Platelets Render Functionally Deficient Natural Killer Cells in People Living With HIV

Background Anti-retroviral therapy (ART) for people with HIV (PWH) is very effective in suppressing HIV replication and preventing disease progression. However, even while on ART, NK cells remain dysfunctional. Although the exact mechanism of this dysfunction is unknown, there is evidence of increased platelet-immune cell complex formation in PWH. These complexes alter immune cell functions,…

396 – Clinical and Immune Characteristics of ART+SIV/P. fragile Infected Macaques With Persistent Viremia

Background Despite the efficacy of contemporary antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens, some people with HIV (PWH) experience persistent low-level viremia (pLLV). pLLV risk factors include poor ART adherence, high viral loads (VLs) pre-ART, and co-infection. Importantly, HIV and malaria, caused by Plasmodium infection, are geographically co-endemic and both pathogens persist in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. However,…