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1277 Results
Background In 2015, the WHO recommended initiation of ART in all persons living with HIV, regardless of CD4 count or clinical stage, the dawning of the “Treat All” era. The intention of “Treat All” is to detect and treat HIV infection in its earliest stages. At the most macroscopic level, “Treat All” has been successful…
Background In East Africa, one-year mortality following a diagnosis of HIV-associated Kaposi sarcoma (KS) in the Treat All era was recently estimated, in a community-derived sample, to be 41%. To date, there is limited information on why these patients die. Understanding causes of death among adults diagnosed with KS might improve management and, hence, survival or…
Background Virus-associated cancers cause significant mortality in Africa. Understanding risk factors for mortality is crucial for effective prevention and treatment. We analyzed demographic and clinical characteristics of people with virus-associated cancers in Kisumu County, western Kenya – a region with a high HIV prevalence of 14.5% – and evaluate factors associated with mortality. Methods We…
Background People with HIV (PWH) have a higher anal cancer incidence than the general population. Although most PWH live in sub-Saharan Africa, data about the association of HIV and anal cancer in this region are scarce. We examined anal cancer incidence rates among privately insured people with and without HIV in South Africa. Methods We…
Background Kaposi Sarcoma (KS) is the most common cancer in people living with HIV (PLWH), particularly in countries where Kaposi Sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) is endemic. Here, the overall survival of KS patients has changed little over the past twenty years despite increased access to cART. We had previously published the clinical data associated with a…
Background The incidence of anal squamous cell carcinoma is significantly increased in people with HIV (PWH). Early detection of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) through high-resolution anoscopy (HRA) in individuals with abnormal anal cytology can prevent over half of these cases. However, the poor specificity of anal cytology leads to a high number of unnecessary HRAs. This…
Background The 2030 global cervical cancer (CC) elimination strategy recommends to achieve a 70% coverage for CC screening and 90% of precancerous lesions treated in eligible women. We evaluated progress towards these WHO CC elimination targets according to HIV status in Côte d’Ivoire over the 2010-2021 period. Methods A CC screening registry was initiated in…
Background We have recently shown that the proinflammatory cytokine IL-32 is associated with arterial stiffness and cardiovascular disease in people with HIV (PWH). We also demonstrated that IL-32 induces coronary artery endothelial cell (CAEC) inflammation and dysfunction and that IL-32 alterations in PWH with subclinical atherosclerosis are associated with a deficit in the short-chain fatty…
Background Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) have good lipid profiles but some studies have reported increased risk of dyslipidaemia and hypertension, particularly when combined with tenofovir alafenamide (TAF). Studying seroconverters on early antiretroviral therapy (ART) minimizes the potential confounding impact of long-term HIV infection on cardiometabolic parameters. Methods Included individuals from CASCADE seroconverted 2007-2022, were ≥16 years, initiated ART…
Background People with HIV (PWH) have elevated risk for heart failure (HF). However, limited multi-center data exist on presentations and etiologies of HIV-associated HF. Methods We adjudicated incident HF events occurring between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2023 at University of Washington (UW) and University of Alabama-Birmingham (UAB), which are two centers within the…