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1277 Results
Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) is more common in antiretroviral drug-treated (ART) people with HIV (PWH) compared with people without HIV(PWOH), even without obesity. Emerging epidemiologic data suggests that PWH not on ART has a lower DM risk than PWOH. We have shown that measures of pancreatic beta cell function were higher (i.e., better function) and…
Background Background: Dolutegravir (DTG) based antiretroviral therapy (DTG-ART) is preferred first-line for persons with HIV (PWH), and yet implicated with weight gain. We compared cardiometabolic health risk by DTG-ART. Methods Methods: ART-experienced PWH enrolled via Makerere University IDI-ART clinic in Uganda (2021), cross-sectional comparisons of DTG-ART and age- and sex-matched controls (group A), and pre-…
Background Geriatric assessments are becoming increasingly important in HIV clinical practice as the population of older persons with HIV (PWH) expands. However, traditional instruments are often complex and time-consuming. The 10-minute geriatric assessment (10-TaGA) is a rapid, comprehensive assessment developed to screen geriatric syndromes in healthcare settings. We investigated the validity of 10-TaGA among PWH…
Background The literature on the association between classes of antiretrovirals (ARV) and hypertension (HTN) is conflicting, and very little has been published at the agent level. We compared the rates of incident HTN across combinations of common ARVs among people with HIV in routine clinical care in the US-based OPERA cohort. Methods Adults with HIV…
Background Antiretroviral therapy has resulted in a reduction in HIV-associated wasting among people with HIV (PWH) and a concomitant rise in overweight and obesity. Semaglutide has been difficult to obtain for some populations, we therefore evaluated use of semaglutide among PWH with medical indications assessing for potential disparities based on race/ethnicity. Methods Our study is…
Background Medication-assisted treatment (MAT) with buprenorphine/naloxone (BUP) or methadone (MET) is an effective harm reduction strategy for people with opioid use disorder. Whether there is a benefit of one over the other on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk is unknown and is especially important for people with HIV (PWH) where we have shown that use of…
Background The risk of osteonecrosis (ON), or bone death due to inadequate vascular supply, is estimated to be 3-100 fold higher in people with HIV (PWH) compared to the general population. However, most information on ON in PWH is from older case reports or small case control studies and cohort studies limited by small numbers…
Background Alterations in gut microbiota have been implicated in HIV infection and cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, how gut microbial alterations may lead to host inflammation and changes in metabolomics profiles affecting atherosclerosis is not fully elucidated, especially in the context of HIV. Methods We examined associations of gut microbial species and functional components measured by shotgun metagenomics with…
Background Sex hormones and HIV infection both influence cardiovascular health. However, the relationship between sex hormones and subclinical atherosclerosis is not fully understood, especially in the context of HIV. Methods Among 321 men (65% with HIV) from the MACS/WIHS Combined Cohort Study, we measured 14 serum sex hormones and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), assessed carotid…
Background Hypertension is among the most common non-communicable disease comorbidities in people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Malawi. In a previous study, we found that ~80% of PLHIV with hypertension had uncontrolled hypertension (consistently ≥140 and/or ≥90 mmHg). We therefore sought to understand barriers to hypertension control from the perspective of clinical providers. Methods We…