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1277 Results
Background Long-acting injectable PrEP (LAI-PrEP) offers a promising alternative for adolescents from sexual and gender minorities (ASGM), as adherence to oral PrEP is a challenge for this population. This study examines patterns of choice and switching between oral and LAI-PrEP among ASGM in Brazil. Methods PrEP15-19 Choices is an implementation study offering oral and LAI-PrEP…
Background In 2022, a global outbreak of mpox occurred among gay and bisexual men who have sex with men (GBMSM). In England, the outbreak was controlled through reductions in sexual risk behaviour and vaccination of high-risk GBMSM. However, mpox continues to circulate, including an expanding outbreak in Africa, and so there is a risk of future outbreaks…
Background Adherence monitoring using drug concentrations for oral Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) can identify people who need additional adherence support interventions or a transition to long-acting injectable regimens. Oral fluids are widely accepted as a convenient and confidential specimen type for HIV self-testing. This study evaluated the feasibility of detecting emtricitabine (FTC) and tenofovir (TFV) in…
Background Females may require higher oral Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) adherence to achieve equivalent therapeutic drug concentrations compared to males, suggesting the need for sex-specific cutoffs for rapid urine tenofovir (TFV) assays. We developed a next-gen urine TFV Lateral Flow Assay (LFA) without a predefined threshold to (1) determine if the quantified LFA readouts differ between females…
Background Pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP and PEP) are key strategies to prevent HIV infection. While the efficacy of PrEP has been elucidated in many randomized clinical trials, corresponding data for PEP is challenging to obtain in a controlled setting. Consequently, it is almost impossible to study the impact of PEP initiation delay and PEP…
Background Oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (oral PrEP) has long been part of the HIV prevention portfolio in Zimbabwe. The introduction of long-acting, injectable PrEP (LA PrEP) in 2022 and the dapivirine vaginal ring (ring PrEP) in 2023 have the potential to increase PrEP uptake and further reduce HIV incidence in Zimbabwe. However, the impact and optimal…
Background Significant gaps remain in ending the HIV epidemic in the US, calling for the need for community tailored evidence-based HIV testing strategies. Methods To understand perceptions and underlying beliefs around HIV testing, particularly among Black, queer, and young people, we conducted a Best-Worst Scaling (BWS) survey among adults (16+) in the St. Louis, Missouri region.…
Background Persons with HIV (PWH) who receive antiretroviral treatment (ART) beginning in acute/early stages of infection may fail to develop antibody reactivity or revert to nonreactive levels on serological assays. Seroreactivity after prolonged viral suppression in PWH treated in acute/early stages of infection has not been previously characterized. Methods RV254 cohort study identified PWH with…
Background In Argentina, HIV diagnosis is confirmed through RNA-HIV (VL), usually performed in specialized referral laboratories. People need a second appointment to receive HIV confirmation (HIV-C), which is required to initiate antiretroviral therapy (ART). Time to HIV-C depends on laboratory and administrative factors. Shortening the diagnostic process is the first step towards implementing test and…
Background In 2020, Tanzania introduced a 16-question screening tool to determine adult eligibility for HIV testing services (HTS). This validation study compares the characteristics of the current tool to a) an optimized tool and b) HIV self-testing (HIVST). Methods From March to June 2024, adults aged ≥15 years with unknown HIV status seeking care were…