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1277 Results
Background CD40.HIVRI.Env is a gp140 Env (Clade C 96ZM65) fused to an anti-CD40 mAb to target CD40-expressing dendritic cells. The ANRS/VRI06 phase I trial (NCT04842682) enrolled 72 non HIV-infected volunteers to receive either 0·3, 1·0, or 3·0 mg of CD40.HIVRI.Env (TLR3-Hiltonol® adjuvanted) alone or co-administered with DNA-HIV-PT123 at weeks (W) 0, 4 and 24, randomized…
Background Accurate quantification of the HIV-1 reservoir is critical in understanding HIV-1 persistence and evaluating cure strategies. The Intact Proviral DNA Assay (IPDA), a droplet digital PCR assay that simultaneously targets the HIV-1 packaging signal (psi) and env, is widely used to quantify the intact or rebound-competent reservoir but has not been thoroughly evaluated. We…
Background Innate Lymphoid Cells type 3 (ILC3), abundant in the gut, sense the microbiome and present antigens to naive T cells, promoting regulatory T cell (Treg) differentiation over Th17 cells, fostering immune tolerance. Disruption of this balance is linked to inflammatory bowel disease. While HIV alters the Treg/Th17 ratio in the gut, it’s unclear whether…
Background Much of the HIV reservoir resides in tissues such as the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT). Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) are under investigation for their potential to aid elimination of latently infected cells; however, little is known about their effect in key tissues such as the GALT. Here, we aim to study the effects of…
Background Certain Env features, such as low cell surface expression and conformational lability, have hampered mRNA vaccine development for HIV. We previously found that ablation of Env endocytosis motifs and incorporation of a truncated HIV/SIV chimeric cytoplasmic tail (SIV.CT) increased surface expression on virions and cells transduced with vaccinia-vectored immunogens. Here, we incorporated this SIV.CT…
Background The development of a protective vaccine remains one of the top priorities for the control of the HIV/AIDS pandemic on a global scale. Due to its versatility and ability to drive endogenous protein production, mRNA is emerging as a promising platform for an HIV vaccine. We previously reported that a virus-like particle (VLP)-forming HIV-1…
Background The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in host immune modulation. N-803, an IL-15 superagonist primarily developed for cancer immunotherapy, has shown potential to enhance immune responses in people with HIV (PWH). This pilot study investigated the relationship between gut microbiota and immune responses during a clinical trial of N-803 in PWH. Methods N-803…
Background Latency reversal and immune-mediated clearance is a cure strategy based on eliminating HIV-infected CD4+ T cells during ART suppression. Here, we used AZD5582 to stimulate the non-canonical NF-κB pathway to reverse latency, as previously shown in adult rhesus macaques (RM). To target the reactivated reservoir via antibody-mediated cellular cytotoxicity, we used AAV9-delivered eCD4-Ig, a…
Background The HIV-1 Nef has been shown to alter MHC-1 presentation on infected T cells, and infection of cell lines suggest upregulation of non-canonical HLA-E may be advantageous for Natural Killer (NK) cell evasion. Conflicting clinical reports leave the role of NK cells in infection control unclear. True mechanistic understanding of HIV replication and control…
Background The current mpox resurgence raised the question of the residual immune protection conferred by the MVA-BN vaccination received during the 2022 outbreak. Available data on long-term immune response after MVA-BN are scarce, especially in PWH with low CD4 count, who are at high risk of severe and prolonged mpox and a possible impaired vaccine…