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1277 Results
Background Transgender and gender diverse (TGD) people with HIV may experience high prevalences of psychiatric diagnoses due to the convergence of two marginalized social identities, HIV infection and gender minority. Utilizing multi-sourced data from the All of Us (AoU) Research Program, the current study aimed to examine the impact of HIV status on psychiatric diagnoses among…
Background Initiation of integrase strand-transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) is associated with body weight gain in women with HIV (WWH); however underlying mechanisms are unclear. Leveraging samples from the Women’s Interagency HIV Study (WIHS) cohort, we performed serial high-throughput untargeted metabolomics to determine metabolic signatures associated with INSTI-related weight gain. Methods This study included virologically suppressed (<200…
Background Advances in HIV treatment have resulted in a growing population of older (≥65 years) people living with HIV (PWH) in the U.S. However, the health profiles of this aging population have been poorly delineated. Our objective was to characterize comorbidity patterns among older adults comparing PWH to those without HIV (HIV-). Methods We constructed a cross-sectional…
Background People living with HIV (PLHIV) using antiretroviral therapy (ART) are exposed to persistent low grade of inflammation, which may accelerate aging. However, the impact of various ART regimens on residual inflammation and accelerated aging remains largely unclear. This study investigates the relationship between cumulative ART exposure and age acceleration in virally suppressed PLHIV on…
Background The prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is higher and more severe among people with HIV (PWH) compared to those without HIV. Chronic inflammation, immune dysfunction, and pulmonary and other infections associated with HIV may contribute to accelerated COPD among PWH, especially given the high prevalence of smoking in PWH. Methods We determined…
Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) is more common in antiretroviral drug-treated (ART) people with HIV (PWH) compared with people without HIV(PWOH), even without obesity. Emerging epidemiologic data suggests that PWH not on ART has a lower DM risk than PWOH. We have shown that measures of pancreatic beta cell function were higher (i.e., better function) and…
Background Despite studies demonstrating an increase in myocardial steatotic burden in adults with HIV on antiretroviral therapy (ART), no studies have evaluated this phenomenon in youth with perinatally-acquired HIV (YPHIV). Methods The Cape Town Adolescent Antiretroviral Cohort (CTAAC)-Heart study enrolled youth to assess myocardial fibrosis and inflammation using cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). A magnetic resonance…
Background People with HIV (PWH) have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Endothelial dysfunction is central to CVD pathology. Endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFC) arise from endothelial progenitors isolated from whole blood and retain the donor’s phenotypic characteristics ex vivo. ECFC are increasingly used to study disease-specific…
Background REPRIEVE demonstrated a 36% reduction in the hazard of major adverse cardiovascular (CV) events (MACE) among those randomized to pitavastatin vs placebo using a time-to-first-event (TTFE) analysis. TTFE results can be difficult to interpret with CV composite endpoints, as “less severe” events (MI and stroke) are likely to precede “more severe” events (death). Win…
Background REPRIEVE and its Mechanistic Substudy established that pitavastatin prevents major adverse cardiovascular events and reduces noncalcified coronary plaque (NCP) on coronary CT angiography (CTA) among PWH with low-to-moderate traditional ASCVD risk. Here we assess heterogeneity of pitavastatin effects on NCP (density <350 HU) volume and plaque composition, categorized by density (<130HU fibrofatty, 130-350 HU fibrous, >350…