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1277 Results
Background The prevalence of obesity, and subsequent metabolic syndrome (MetS), is increasing in persons living with HIV (PLWH) on antiretroviral therapy (ART), with nearly 1 in 4 meeting MetS criteria. African females with HIV are at particular risk of developing obesity complicated by MetS. Obesity increases the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. There is…
Background Despite significant advances in the efficacy of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and expanded access to people living with HIV, virologic suppression through ART alone is frequently insufficient to fully resolve the immune activation associated with HIV infection. Methods We evaluated the influence of HIV infection on the functional and transcriptomic profile of lymph node (LN) myeloid dendritic…
Background Little is known about variations in cognitive performance over the long term among older adults with HIV (OAWH) and the risk of progressive cognitive decline may be overstated based on transient decline between two assessments. This analysis aimed to characterize visit-to-visit and overall evolution of cognition over up to 10 years in OAWH. Methods…
Background In the PULSE clinical trial, 68 people living with HIV underwent three consecutive analytical treatment interruptions (ATIs). Of note, 10% of the participants transiently controlled HIV rebound during the 3rd ATI. We investigated whether this virological control is associated with improved antiviral CD8 T-cell function and response to mutationally-constrained and highly-conserved HIV epitopes. Methods…
Background Brain health disorders continue to occur in older adults with HIV (OAWH), underscoring the importance of addressing reversible causes. We sought to determine if obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with cognitive difficulties among OAWH. Methods The + Brain Health Now cohort study enrolled 856 individuals aged 35 or older with HIV for ≥ 1…
Background Long-lived HIV-infected cells persist and undergo clonal expansion, preventing viral eradication during antiretroviral therapy. The majority of infected cells contain defective proviruses with mutations, deletions, or insertions. Defective proviruses are also generated by LTR-LTR recombination, excising the entire coding sequence, leaving only a solo LTR at the integration site. Little is known regarding solo…
Background Despite effective antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV-1 persistence is the major obstacle to a functional cure. Thus, understanding the tissue microenvironment during ART of the reservoirs that lead to a rapid viral rebound after treatment failure or analytical treatment interruption (ATI) is key. Methods We have developed immunoPET/CT-guided spatial transcriptomics, combined with immunofluorescence detection of…
Background Understanding the mechanisms responsible for the persistence of the virus reservoir under ART is essential to develop novel HIV cure approaches. Upregulation of the anti-apoptotic protein B cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) has been observed in HIV-Gag+CD4+ T cells from ART treated people living with HIV, along with an enrichment for intact proviral DNA in cells…
Background The persistent HIV latent reservoir is a major impediment to the eradication of HIV infection for people living with HIV (PLWH). CD8+ T cell-based approaches to control viral rebound have in part been unsuccessful due to the emergence of epitope escape mutations. Our laboratory identified a subset of epitopes, known as highly networked CD8+…
Background HIV-2 infection is considered as an attenuated viral infection. PBMC HIV-2 reservoir has been shown to be smaller than that of HIV-1 with a higher proportion of APOBEC3-induced defective proviruses. The aim of this study was to characterise the composition of the HIV-2 cellular reservoir by identifying the different forms of defective proviruses. Methods…