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1277 Results
Background Kaposi Sarcoma (KS) is the most common cancer in people living with HIV (PLWH), particularly in countries where Kaposi Sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) is endemic. Here, the overall survival of KS patients has changed little over the past twenty years despite increased access to cART. We had previously published the clinical data associated with a…
Background People with HIV (PWH) have elevated risk for heart failure (HF). However, limited multi-center data exist on presentations and etiologies of HIV-associated HF. Methods We adjudicated incident HF events occurring between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2023 at University of Washington (UW) and University of Alabama-Birmingham (UAB), which are two centers within the…
Background Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) is the causative agent of Kaposi sarcoma (KS), multicentric Castleman disease (MCD), and KSHV-associated inflammatory cytokine syndrome (KICS). In people with HIV (PWH), KS can occur alone or with MCD or KICS. Liposomal doxorubicin (DOX) and pomalidomide (POM) are FDA-approved therapies for KS alone. A phase I/II study combining POM/DOX…
Background Inaccessibility and inaccuracies limit histopathologic diagnosis of Kaposi sarcoma (KS) in Africa. We hypothesized that quantification of KSHV DNA from suspicious skin lesions could distinguish KS from non-KS lesions, thus eventually enabling creation of a diagnostic test that would limit need for histopathologic interpretation. In our earlier training population, quantification of lesional KSHV DNA…
Background HIV-1 can be detected in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) throughout untreated infection but it is unknown how often this is due to local replication in the CNS. In people with HIV-associated dementia (HAD), local replication can generate genetically distinct viral populations in the CNS (compartmentalized) with the unique ability to efficiently infect myeloid lineage cells…
Background We and others have previously demonstrated that intact, transcriptionally competent HIV genomes persist within the brain of virally suppressed people with HIV (PWH). Long terminal repeats (LTRs) isolated from the brain of non-virally suppressed PWH are genetically distinct from those isolated in matched peripheral tissue and have a reduced responsiveness to select latency reversing…
Background Elite controllers maintain undetectable levels of HIV replication in the absence of antiretroviral treatment and are considered as a model for a cure of HIV infection. Recent studies suggest distinct viral reservoir characteristics in blood in such persons, however, viral reservoirs in lymphoid tissues from elite controllers remain largely unexplored. Methods Paired samples of…
Background Elimination of latently HIV-infected cells remain the biggest challenge to reach a cure. Current immunotherapy approaches have focused on targeting the adaptive arm of the immune system, such as therapeutic vaccines and the passive transfer of broadly neutralizing antibodies. Recent studies showed that epigenetic reprogramming of innate myeloid cells triggered by adjuvants promoted protective…
Background HIV-1 cure strategies require a comprehensive understanding of cellular phenotype of HIV tissue reservoirs for effective and selective targeting. While recent data have demonstrated the highly heterogeneous nature of peripheral blood CD4+ T cells subsets comprising the HIV reservoir of antiretroviral therapy (ART) treated people with HIV (PWH), CD4+ T follicular helper (Tfh) cells…
Background HIV elite control in the absence of therapy is marked by a highly clonal integration site landscape. However, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive, impeding the design of therapies that could replicate this exceptional HIV control. We previously demonstrated that elite controller CD8+ T cells reduced HIV integration site diversity, decreased genic integrations, and enriched for…