Search Abstracts

Background In a recent pilot study (ACTG A5371, SLIM LIVER: NCT04216589), 24 weeks of low-dose semaglutide (1 mg sc weekly) reduced metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in people with HIV (PWH), with 58% having improved MRI-proton-derived fat fraction-quantified intrahepatic triglycerides (IHTG). Although trends suggested greater IHTG improvements in women and older participants, the role…

Background Dolutegravir (DTG) is not recommended for neonates due to absence of dosing guidelines and safety information. We are evaluating the multi-dose pharmacokinetics (PK) and safety of two pediatric DTG formulations in neonates: a dispersible scored tablet (DTG-DT, 10 mg) and a novel oral dispersible film (DTG-OF, 5 mg). Methods PETITE-DTG is an ongoing phase…

Background Kaposi sarcoma (KS), caused by KS herpesvirus (KSHV), is a multicentric angioproliferative tumor seen in people with and without HIV. Abemaciclib (Abema) is an oral cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor that targets CDK4 (cyclin D1) and CDK6 (cyclin D3) that is FDA-approved for breast cancer. In vitro studies of KSHV-infected cells have shown that CDK4/6…

Background Comparing cause-specific mortality among people with HIV (PWH) and people without HIV (PWOH) is important for tracking improved survival following increased antiretroviral therapy (ART) access. However, comprehensive data on cause-specific mortality rates in Sub-Saharan Africa remains inadequate. We estimated mortality trends in Tanzania.  Methods Data were collected in a health and demographic surveillance system…

Background People with HIV (PWH) are at increased risk of oropharynx cancer (OPC) compared with people without HIV (PWoH). PWH and OPC also have poorer survival compared to PWoH and OPC. However, prior studies have not evaluated OPC treatment initiation and survival among cohorts of PWH and PWoH matched on demographic variables, stage, and HPV…

Background REPRIEVE established that pitavastatin prevents major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and reduces noncalcified coronary plaque (NCP) on coronary CT angiography, in low-moderate risk PWH. We leveraged the REPRIEVE Mechanistic Substudy to assess for the first time the relationship of coronary plaque and indices of inflammation and subclinical myocardial injury with MACE and the effects…

Background HIV is an established risk factor for coronary atherosclerotic disease (CAD) in the United States and Europe. However, data linking HIV infection with coronary atherosclerosis in the African region are lacking. Methods We enrolled people living with HIV (PWH) over 40 and on antiretroviral therapy (ART) for a minimum of three years from public-sector…

Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk is higher in people with HIV (PWH) than people without HIV. However, whether this elevated risk of CVD is present in antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve PWH with high CD4+ counts, and whether delayed initiation of ART worsens CVD outcomes is unknown. Methods The Strategic Timing of Antiretroviral Treatment (START) study randomized…

Background People with HIV (PWH) are at increased risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) and accelerated aging, including frailty. REPRIEVE demonstrated a 36% reduction in the hazard of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) for pitavastatin vs placebo among PWH, but little is known about statins for ASCVD prevention among PWH with frailty.  The goal of…

Background Epigenetic age acceleration has prognostic value in the general population. However, its role in predicting clinical outcomes in people with HIV (PWH) with long-term virological suppression remains unclear Methods Retrospective cohort of PWH with long-term virological suppression, followed at a single HIV unit. Blood DNA methylation was assessed using the Illumina Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip,…